Interactive dictionary for the IAL Kokanu.
363 / 363
verb
to touch (a surface)
Noun · a surface/skin
Verb · to touch/contact/feel (physically)
Modifier · surface-like/touchable/feelable (physically)
from Māori pā /ˈpaː/
Austronesian family
verb
to emit (excreta)
Noun · excreta/an ejected thing
Verb · to emit/eject/excrete
Modifier · excreta-like/emittable/ejectable/excretable
from Cantonese 排放 paaifong /pʰaːi̯²¹ fɔːŋ³³/
Sino-Tibetan family
verb
to read (a document)
Noun · a document/book/sign
Verb · to read
Modifier · document-like/readable
from Sanskrit पाठ pāṭha
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
unmoving
Noun · stillness
Verb · to be still/unmoving
Modifier · still/unmoving
from Cantonese 不動 bat dung /pɐt̚⁵ tʊŋ²²/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
dog
Noun · dog/canine
Verb · to be a dog/canine
Modifier · dog/canine-related
from Onomatopoeia -
Misc family
grammar
coupling causative agent noun verb marker
from Indonesian peng- /pəŋ/
Austronesian family
modifier
closed
Noun · closedness
Verb · to be closed
Modifier · closed
from Marathi बंद banda /bən.d̪ə/
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
endangered
Noun · endangerment
Verb · to be endangered/in danger
Modifier · endangered/in-danger
from Chichewa/Shona pangozi
Niger-Congo family
modifier
split
Noun · splitness/division
Verb · to be split/divided
Modifier · split/divided
from Cantonese 分裂 fan lit /fɐn⁵⁵ liːt̚²/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
square/rectangle
Noun · square/rectangle
Verb · to be a square/rectangle
Modifier · square/rectangle-related
from Mandarin 方形 fāngxíng /fɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
water/liquid
Noun · water/liquid
Verb · to be water/a liquid
Modifier · water/liquid-related
from Bhojpuri पानी pānī
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
happy
Noun · happiness
Verb · to be happy
Modifier · happy
from Hindi प्रसन्न prasann
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
false
Noun · falseness/fakeness
Verb · to be false/fake
Modifier · false/fake
from Portuguese falso [ˈfaɫ.su]
Romance family
verb
to become (a transformation)
Noun · a transformation/final state
Verb · to become/transform into
Modifier · transformation-like/transformed-into/becomable
from Burmese ဖြစ် hprac /pʰjɪʔ/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
spicy
Noun · spiciness
Verb · to be spicy
Modifier · spicy
from Spanish picante [piˈkãn̪.t̪e]
Romance family
noun
leg/foot
Noun · leg/foot
Verb · to be a leg/foot
Modifier · leg/foot-related
from Romanian picior /piˈt͡ʃjor/
Romance family
noun
back
Noun · back/behind region
Verb · to be the back/behind region
Modifier · back-related/backward
from Hindi पीछे pīche
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
victorious/successful
Noun · victoriousness/victory/successfulness/success
Verb · to be victorious/successful
Modifier · victorious/successful
from Persian پیروز piruz [pʰiː.ɹúːz]
Indo-Iranian family
noun
star/year
Noun · star/year
Verb · to be a star/year
Modifier · star/year-related
from Malay bintang /bintaŋ/
Austronesian family
noun
dot
Noun · dor/point
Verb · to be a dot/point
Modifier · dot/point-related
from Hindi बिंदु bindu [bɪ̃n̪.d̪uː]
Indo-Iranian family
grammar
hello/please/thank you/sorry/polite clause ender
from Italian prego /ˈprɛ.ɡo/
Romance family
verb
to feel (an emotion)
Noun · an emotion
Verb · to feel (emotion-wise)
Modifier · emotion-like/feelable (emotion-wise)
from Danish føle [ˈføːlə]
Germanic family
noun
wall
Noun · wall
Verb · to be a wall
Modifier · wall-related
from Romanian perete [peˈrete]
Romance family
verb
to agree to (a promise)
Noun · an agreement/promise
Verb · to agree/promise (to)
Modifier · agreement-like/promise-like/agreeable/promisable
from Persian پیمان peymân /pejˈmɒːn/
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to understand (a concept)
Noun · a concept
Verb · to understand
Modifier · concept-like/understandable
from Maltese fehem /fɛːm/
Afroasiatic family
modifier
white
Noun · whiteness
Verb · to be white
Modifier · white
from Kongo mpembe
Niger-Congo family
verb
to await (an expectation)
Noun · an expectation/awaited thing
Verb · to await/expect
Modifier · expectation-like/expectable
from Albanian pres
Albanian family
verb
to need (a requirement)
Noun · a need/requirement
Verb · to need/require
Modifier · requirement-like/needable/requirable/necessary
from French besoin /bə.zwɛ̃/ (/bø.zwæ̃/)
Romance family
preposition
for
from English for /fɔɹ/
Germanic family
noun
powder
Noun · powder/dust
Verb · to be powder/dust
Modifier · powder/dust-related
from Italian polvere /ˈpol.ve.re/
Romance family
noun
forward
Noun · front/forward region
Verb · to be the front/forward region
Modifier · front-related/forward
from German voran /foˈʁan/
Germanic family
noun
block
Noun · block/brick
Verb · to be a block/brick
Modifier · block/brick-related
from Italian blocco /ˈblɔk.ko/
Romance family
verb
to cause (an effect)
Noun · an effect/result
Verb · to cause
Modifier · effect/result-like/causable
from Thai ผล pǒn /pʰon˩˩˦/
Kra-Dai family
verb
to form [pose-wise] (a position)
Noun · a pose/position
Verb · to form (pose-wise)
Modifier · pose-like/position-like/formable (pose-wise)
from Spanish posar [poˈsaɾ]
Romance family
modifier
next
Noun · future
Verb · to be the next/future (time)
Modifier · next/future
from Belarusian будучы búdučy [ˈbudut͡ʂɨ]
Balto-Slavic family
modifier
heavy
Noun · heaviness/weight
Verb · to be heavy
Modifier · heavy
from Cebuano bug-at [bʊɡˈʔat̪]
Austronesian family
verb
to obey (a rule)
Noun · a rule/law
Verb · to obey
Modifier · rule/law-like/obeyable
from Mandarin 服從 fúcóng /fu³⁵ t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
brown
Noun · brownness
Verb · to be brown
Modifier · brown
from Hindi भूरा bhūrā [bʱuː.ɾäː]
Indo-Iranian family
noun
reptile
Noun · reptile
Verb · to be a reptile
Modifier · reptile-related
from Chichewa buluzi
Niger-Congo family
noun
land
Noun · land/earth
Verb · to be land/earth
Modifier · land/earth-related
from Sanskrit भूमि bhū́mi /ˈbʱuː.mi/
Indo-Iranian family
grammar
relative clause marker
noun
shelf/plate
Noun · shelf/plate
Verb · to be a shelf/plate
Modifier · shelf/plate-related
from Switzerland French tablard /ta.blaʁ/
Romance family
modifier
tight/firm
Noun · tightness/firmness
Verb · to be tight/firm
Modifier · tight/firm
from English tight /taɪt/
Germanic family
modifier
violent
Noun · violence
Verb · to be violent
Modifier · violent
from Māori taikaha
Austronesian family
noun
cone
Noun · cone
Verb · to be a cone
Modifier · cone-related
from Tagalog tagilog [tɐ.ɣɪˈloɡ]
Austronesian family
noun
hair/fur/plumage
Noun · hair/fur/plumage
Verb · to be hair/fur/plumage
Modifier · hair/fur/plumage-related
from Guaraní tague /ta.ˈɰʷe/
Tupian family
noun
method
Noun · method/system/way
Verb · to be a method/system/way
Modifier · method/system/way-related
from Arabic طَرِيقَة ṭarīqa /tˤa.riː.qa/
Afroasiatic family
noun
finger/toe
Noun · finger/toe/digit
Verb · to be a finger/toe/digit
Modifier · finger/toe/digit-related
from Tagalog daliri [dɐˈli.ɾɪʔ]
Austronesian family
modifier
young
Noun · youngness/youthfulness
Verb · to be young
Modifier · young
from Marathi तरुण taruṇ [t̪ə.ɾuːɳ]
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to hate (a hated entity)
Noun · a hated thing
Verb · to hate/dislike
Modifier · hatable/dislikable
from Mandarin 討厭 tǎoyàn /tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
explosion/blast
Noun · explosion/blast
Verb · to be an explosion/blast
Modifier · explosion/blast-related
from Urdu دَھماکَہ dhamākah /d̪ʱə.mɑː.kɑ(ːɦ)/
Indo-Iranian family
connector
then
from Dutch dan /dɑn/
Germanic family
verb
to draw (a picture)
Noun · a drawing/picture
Verb · to draw
Modifier · drawing-like/drawable
from Arabic تَصْوِير taṣwīr /tasˤ.wiːr/
Afroasiatic family
noun
container
Noun · container
Verb · to be a container
Modifier · container-related
from Hindi डिब्बा ḍibbā [ˈɖɪbːa(ː)]
Indo-Iranian family
noun
direction/path
Noun · direction/path
Verb · to be a direction/path
Modifier · direction/path-related
from Thai ทิศทาง tít-taang /tʰit̚˦˥.tʰaːŋ˧/
Kra-Dai family
noun
breast/chest
Noun · breast/chest
Verb · to be a breast/chest
Modifier · breast/chest-related
from Swahili titi
Niger-Congo family
modifier
dead
Noun · deadness/death
Verb · to be dead
Modifier · dead
from Yoruba ti kú /tī/+/kú/
Niger-Congo family
modifier
slow
Noun · slowness
Verb · to be slow
Modifier · slow
from Hindi धीरे dhīre /d̪ʱiː.ɾeː/
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to focus [on]/pay attention [to] (a focus)
Noun · a focus/topic/center of attention
Verb · to focus [on]/pay attention [to]
Modifier · focus-like/topic-like/focus-on-able
from Hindi ध्यान दे dhyān de /d̪ʱjɑːn/+/d̪eː/
Indo-Iranian family
quantity
ten
Noun · ten
Verb · to be ten
Modifier · tenth
from Swedish tio /ˈtiːˌʊ/
Germanic family
grammar
relative clause verb marker
modifier
starting
Noun · startingness/start
Verb · to be starting
Modifier · starting
from French début /de.by/
Romance family
verb
to see (a view)
Noun · a sight/view
Verb · to see/look at
Modifier · view-like/visible
from Hindi देखा dekhā (perfective of देखना dekhnā) [d̪eːkʰäː]
Indo-Iranian family
noun
time
Noun · time
Verb · to be a time
Modifier · time-related
from Catalan temps /ˈtems/
Romance family
verb
to hear (a sound)
Noun · a sound
Verb · to hear
Modifier · sound-like/hearable
from Cantonese 聽見 teng gin /tʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ kiːn³³/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
thick
Noun · thickness
Verb · to be thick
Modifier · thick
from Sesotho tenya
Niger-Congo family
verb
to give (a gift)
Noun · a gift
Verb · to give
Modifier · gift-like/givable
from Marathi देणे deṇe
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to try (a trial)
Noun · a trial/test
Verb · to try/attempt
Modifier · trial-like/test-like/triable/testable/attemptable
from Turkish denemek /de.ne.ˈmec/
Turkic family
modifier
good
Noun · goodness
Verb · to be good
Modifier · good
from Ukranian добрий dóbryj [ˈdɔbrei̯]
Balto-Slavic family
noun
tube
Noun · tube/pipe
Verb · to be a tube/pipe
Modifier · tube/pipe-related
from Estonian toru
Uralic family
modifier
functional
Noun · functionality
Verb · to be functional
Modifier · functional
from Finnish toimiva [ˈt̪o̞i̯miʋɑ̝]
Uralic family
modifier
hurting/suffering
Noun · pain/suffering
Verb · to be hurting/suffering
Modifier · hurting/suffering
from Min Nan 痛苦 thòng-khó͘ /tʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰɔ⁵³/
Sino-Tibetan family
quantity
two
Noun · two
Verb · to be two
Modifier · second (ordinal)
from Spanish dos [ˈd̪os]
Romance family
pronoun
you
Noun · you
Verb · to be you
Modifier · your
from Latin tū [t̪uː]
Romance family
modifier
excited
Noun · excitement
Verb · to be excited
Modifier · excited
from Onomatopoeia -
Misc family
modifier
hot
Noun · hotness/heat
Verb · to be hot
Modifier · hot
from Korean 뜨겁다 tteugeopda [t͈ɯɡʌ̹p̚t͈a̠]
Koreic family
modifier
far
Noun · farness/distance
Verb · to be far/distant
Modifier · far/distant
from Sanskrit दूर dūrá /duː.ɾɐ́/
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to do (an action)
Noun · an action/job
Verb · to do/perform/execute/work
Modifier · action-like/doable
from Dutch doen /dun/
Germanic family
modifier
correct
Noun · correctness/fairness
Verb · to be correct/right/fair
Modifier · correct/right/fair
from Vietnamese đúng đắn [ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˦˥ ʔɗaŋ˦˥]
Austro-Asiatic family
modifier
nonbinary/queer(?)
Noun · nonbinaryness/queerness(?)
Verb · to be nonbinary/queer(?)
Modifier · nonbinary/queer(?)
from Cantonese 同志 tung zi /tʰʊŋ²¹ t͡siː³³/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
grey
Noun · greyness
Verb · to be grey
Modifier · grey
from Hindi धूसर dhūsar [d̪ʱuː.s̪əɾ]
Indo-Iranian family
grammar
interrogative clause ender
from Japanese か ka [ka̠]
Japonic family
verb
to exchange/trade
Noun · an exchanged entity/product
Verb · to exchange/trade
Modifier · exchangable/tradeable
from Amharic ገበያ gäbäya
Afroasiatic family
modifier
disgusted
Noun · disgust
Verb · to be disgusted
Modifier · disgusted
from Arabic قَرْفَان qarfān
Afroasiatic family
modifier
broken/dysfunctional
Noun · brokenness/dysfunctionality
Verb · to be broken/dysfunctional
Modifier · broken/dysfunctional
from German kaputt /kaˈpʊt/
Germanic family
modifier
difficult
Noun · difficulty/complexity
Verb · to be difficult
Modifier · difficult
from Hindi कठिन kaṭhin [kə.ʈʰɪ̃n̪]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
hypothetical
Noun · hypotheticality
Verb · to be hypothetical
Modifier · hypothetical
from Japanese 仮定 katei [ka̠te̞ː]
Japonic family
noun
electricity
Noun · electricity
Verb · to be electricity
Modifier · electric
from K'iche' q'aq'il
Mayan family
modifier
dirty
Noun · dirtiness/pollution/soiledness
Verb · to be dirty/polluted/soiled
Modifier · dirty/polluted/soiled
from Khmer កខ្វក់ kɑkvɑk /kɑʔ.ˈʋɑʔ/
Austro-Asiatic family
noun
art
Noun · art
Verb · to be art
Modifier · art-related/artistic
from Sinhalese කලාව kalāwa
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to respect (a respected entity)
Noun · a respected thing
Verb · to respect
Modifier · respectable
from Tagalog/Bikol galang [ˈɡa.lɐŋ]
Austronesian family
noun
down
Noun · bottom/below region
Verb · to be the bottom/below region
Modifier · bottom-related/below/down
from Marathi खाली khālī
Indo-Iranian family
preposition
alongside/with
from Mandarin 跟 gēn /kən⁵⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
verb
to sing/play (music)
Noun · a song/music
Verb · to sing/play (instrument-wise)
Modifier · song-like/singable/playable (instrument-wise)
from Spanish cantar [kãn̪ˈt̪aɾ]
Romance family
verb
to think (a thought/opinion)
Noun · a thought/opinion
Verb · to think
Modifier · thought-like/opinion-like/thinkable
from Chichewa -ganiza /ɡaˈni.za/
Niger-Congo family
modifier
bitter
Noun · bitterness
Verb · to be bitter
Modifier · bitter
from Yoruba kikorò
Niger-Congo family
modifier
strange
Noun · strangeness/weirdness/abnormality
Verb · to be strange/weird/abnormal
Modifier · strange/weird/abnormal
from Hakka 奇怪 khì-koai /kʰi¹¹ ku̯ai̯⁵⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
verb
to climb (a slope)
Noun · a slope/ramp
Verb · to climb
Modifier · slope-like/ramp-like/climbable
from Ancient Greek κλῐ́μᾰ klíma /ˈkli.ma/
Hellenic family
modifier
hard
Noun · hardness
Verb · to be hard (material-wise)
Modifier · hard (material-wise)
from Lithuanian kietas [ˈkʲɪ̂ət̪ɐs̪]
Balto-Slavic family
noun
ball
Noun · ball/sphere
Verb · to be a ball/sphere
Modifier · ball/sphere-related/spherical
from Hakka 球 khiu /kʰi̯u¹¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
verb
to narrate (a story)
Noun · a story
Verb · to narrate
Modifier · story-like/narratable
from Arabic قِصَّة qiṣṣa
Afroasiatic family
modifier
crossed/intersected
Noun · crossed-ness/intersected-ness/intersection
Verb · to be crossed/intersected
Modifier · crossed/intersected
from Polish krzyżować /kʂɨˈʐɔ.vat͡ɕ/
Balto-Slavic family
preposition
towards
from Malay ke
Austronesian family
verb
to play (a game)
Noun · a game
Verb · to play (game-wise)
Modifier · game-like/playable
from Assamese খেলা khela /kʰɛ.la/
Indo-Iranian family
noun
chemical
Noun · chemical
Verb · to be a chemical
Modifier · chemical-related
from English chemical /ˈkɛmɪkəl/
Germanic family
noun
cream/paste
Noun · cream/paste
Verb · to be cream/paste
Modifier · cream/paste-related
from French crème /kʁɛm/
Romance family
noun
manifest non-physical thing
Noun · state/condition/manifest non-physical thing
Verb · to be a state/condition/manifest non-physical thing
Modifier · state/condition-related
from Scottish Gaelic cor /kʰɔɾ/
Celtic family
verb
to talk (speech)
Noun · speech
Verb · to talk/say
Modifier · speech-like/speakable/sayable
from Bengali কথা kotha /kɔ.tʰa/
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
shaking
Noun · shakiness/tremulousness/vibration
Verb · to be shaking/trembling/vibrating/non-traversally moving
Modifier · shaking/trembling/vibrating/non-traversally moving
from Assamese কঁপা kõpa /kɔ̃pa/
Indo-Iranian family
noun
computer
Noun · computer
Verb · to be a computer
Modifier · computer-related
from Northern Kurdish kompûter
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to celebrate (a party)
Noun · a party
Verb · to celebrate
Modifier · party-like/celebratable
from Tamil கொண்டாடு koṇṭāṭu [koɳɖaːɖɯ]
Dravidian family
verb
to compete [against] (a rival)
Noun · rival/opponent
Verb · to compete [against]/rival/oppose
Modifier · rival-like/opponent-like/opposable
from German Konkurrent
Germanic family
modifier
ending
Noun · endingness/end
Verb · to be ending
Modifier · ending
from Slovak koniec [ˈkoɲi̯et͡s]
Balto-Slavic family
modifier
possible/likely
Noun · possibility/likeliness
Verb · to be possible/likely
Modifier · possible/likely
from Hakka 可能 khó-nèn /kʰo³¹ nen¹¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
verb
to build (a construction)
Noun · a construction
Verb · to build/construct
Modifier · construction-like/buildable
from Lao ກໍ່ສ້າງ kǭ sāng
Kra-Dai family
noun
space/cosmos
Noun · space/cosmos
Verb · to be space/the cosmos
Modifier · space-related/cosmic
from Italian cosmo /ˈkɔ.zmo/
Romance family
modifier
short
Noun · shortness
Verb · to be short
Modifier · short
from Ladino kurto
Romance family
noun
bird
Noun · bird
Verb · to be a bird
Modifier · bird-related
from Onomatopoeia -
Misc family
noun
light
Noun · light
Verb · to be light
Modifier · light-related
from Mandarin 光 guāng /ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
fruit
Noun · fruit
Verb · to be a fruit
Modifier · fruit-related
from Mandarin 果實 guǒshí /ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
open
Noun · openness
Verb · to be open
Modifier · open
from Hindi खुला khulā [kʰʊ.l̪äː]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
sad
Noun · sadness
Verb · to be sad
Modifier · sad
from Dholuo kuyo
Nilo-Saharan family
noun
plastic
Noun · plastic/rubber
Verb · to be (a) plastic/rubber
Modifier · plastic/rubber-related
from German Gummi /ˈɡʊmi/
Germanic family
noun
hole
Noun · hole/passage
Verb · to be a hole/passage
Modifier · hole/passage-related
from Korean 구멍 gumeong [kumʌ̹ŋ]
Koreic family
verb
to perceive (a trait)
Noun · a quality/aspect/trait
Verb · to perceive/sense
Modifier · quality-like/trait-like/aspect-like/perceivable/sensable
from Hindi गुण guṇ [ɡʊ̃ɳ]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
angry
Noun · anger/rage
Verb · to be angry
Modifier · angry
from Hindi ग़ुस्सा ġussā [ɣʊs̪.s̪äː]/[ɡʊs̪.s̪äː]
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to choose (a choice)
Noun · a choice/decision
Verb · to choose
Modifier · choice-like/choosable
from Swahili -chagua
Niger-Congo family
verb
to answer (a response)
Noun · an answer/response
Verb · to answer/respond with
Modifier · answer-like/response-like/answerable
from Swahili jawabu
Niger-Congo family
noun
animal
Noun · animal
Verb · to be an animal
Modifier · animal-related
from Hindi जानवर jānvar [d͡ʒä̃ːn̪.wəɾ]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
cold
Noun · coldness
Verb · to be cold
Modifier · cold
from Tibetan གྲང་མོ grang mo /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ˩˧.ŋu˥˥/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
precise/specific
Noun · precision/specificity
Verb · to be precise/specific
Modifier · precise/specific
from Mandarin 精密 jīngmì /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ mi⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
small
Noun · smallness
Verb · to be small
Modifier · small
from Telugu చిన్న cinna [t͡ʃin̪n̪a]
Dravidian family
verb
to hide/cover (a secret)
Noun · a secret/hidden thing
Verb · to hide/cover
Modifier · secret-like/hideable
from Azerbaijani gizlin [ɟizˈlin]/[d͡ʒiˈzlin]
Turkic family
noun
limb
Noun · limb/branch
Verb · to be a limb/branch
Modifier · limb/branch-related
from Irish géag /ɟeːɡ/
Celtic family
modifier
big
Noun · bigness/size
Verb · to be big
Modifier · big
from Tibetan ཆེན་པོ chen po /t͡ɕʰem˥˥.po˥˥/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
thin
Noun · thinness
Verb · to be thin
Modifier · thin
from Kashubian cenczi
Balto-Slavic family
quantity
thousand^
from Korean 천 cheon [t͡ɕʰʌ̹n]
Koreic family
modifier
ongoing
Noun · ongoingness
Verb · to be ongoing
Modifier · ongoing
from Mandarin 正在 zhèngzài /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡saɪ̯⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
stick
Noun · stick/staff/pole
Verb · to be a stick/staff/pole
Modifier · stick/staff/pole-related
from Georgian ჯოხი ǯoxi /d͡ʒoxi/
Kartvelian family
noun
rodent
Noun · mouse/rat/rodent
Verb · to be a mouse/rat/rodent
Modifier · mouse/rat/rodent-related
from Korean 쥐 jwi [t͡ɕɥi]
Koreic family
modifier
repeating
Noun · repetitiveness/repetition/cycle
Verb · to be repeating/repetitive
Modifier · repeating/repetitive
from Mandarin 重複 chóngfù /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ fu⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
old
Noun · oldness/age
Verb · to be old
Modifier · old
from Marathi जुने j̈une
Indo-Iranian family
grammar
noun phrase collapser particle
noun
ring/circle
Noun · ring/circle/disc
Verb · to be a ring/circle/disc
Modifier · ring/circle/disc-related
from Tamil வட்டம் vaṭṭam /ʋɐʈːɐm/
Dravidian family
noun
sibling
Noun · sibling
Verb · to be a sibling
Modifier · sibling/related
from Somali walaal
Niger-Congo family
noun
air/gas
Noun · air/gas
Verb · to be air/gas
Modifier · air/gas-related
from Sanskrit वायु vāyú [ʋäː.juː]
Indo-Iranian family
quantity
one
Noun · one
Verb · to be one
Modifier · first
from English one /wʌn/
Germanic family
modifier
curved
Noun · curviness
Verb · to be curved
Modifier · curved
from Cantonese 彎曲 waan kuk /waːn⁵⁵ kʰʊk̚⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
fast
Noun · fastness/quickness/speed
Verb · to be fast/quick/speedy
Modifier · fast/quick/speedy
from Hawaiian wiki [ˈviki]
Austronesian family
modifier
awake
Noun · wakefulness
Verb · to be awake
Modifier · awake
from Tamil விழி viḻi /ʋiɻi/
Dravidian family
preposition
via/through/using
from Latin via [ˈu̯iä]/[ˈviːä]
Romance family
preposition
context marker (as for/given)
verb
to know (knowledge)
Noun · knowledge
Verb · to know
Modifier · knowledge-like/knowable
from German Wissen /ˈvɪsən/
Germanic family
grammar
coupling modifier negator
modifier
sexual
Noun · sexualness/sexuality
Verb · to be sexual
Modifier · sexual
from Onomatopoeia -
Misc family
grammar
emphatic clause ender
from Malay lah /lah/
Austronesian family
noun
line
Noun · line/edge
Verb · to be a line/edge
Modifier · line/edge-related
from Hindi लकीर lakīr [l̪ə.kiːɾ]
Indo-Iranian family
noun
heart
Noun · heart
Verb · to be a heart
Modifier · heart-related
from Isthmus Zapotec ladxidó'
Oto-Manguean family
modifier
long
Noun · longness/length
Verb · to be long
Modifier · long
from Nepali लामो lāmo [lämo]
Indo-Iranian family
noun
rank
Noun · rank
Verb · to be a rank
Modifier · rank-related
from French rang /ʁɑ̃/ (/ʁɒ̃/)
Romance family
verb
to ride (a ride)
Noun · a ride
Verb · to ride
Modifier · ride-like/rideable
from Persian راندن rândan [ɹɒːn̪.d̪ǽn]
Indo-Iranian family
noun
color
Noun · color
Verb · to be a color
Modifier · color-related
from Swahili rangi
Niger-Congo family
verb
to launch (a projectile)
Noun · a projectile
Verb · to launch/throw/shoot
Modifier · projectile-like/launchable/throwable/shootable
from Portuguese lançar /lɐ̃ˈsaɾ/
Romance family
noun
sun/day
Noun · sun/day
Verb · to be the sun/a day
Modifier · sun/day-related
from Hausa rānā /ɽáː.náː/
Afroasiatic family
modifier
absent
Noun · absence/nonexistence
Verb · to be absent/nonexistent
Modifier · absent/nonexistent
from Tagalog liban [ˈli.bɐn]
Austronesian family
noun
sheet
Noun · sheet/banner/flag/face (of a shape)
Verb · to be a sheet/banner/flag/face (of a shape)
Modifier · sheet/banner/flag-related
from Finnish lippu [ˈlipːu]
Uralic family
modifier
empty/incomplete
Noun · emptiness/incompleteness
Verb · to be empty/incomplete
Modifier · empty/incomplete
from Nepali रित्तो ritto [rit̪̚t̪o]
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to write (text)
Noun · text
Verb · to write
Modifier · text-like/writable
from Assamese লিখা likha
Indo-Iranian family
quantity
six
Noun · six
Verb · to be six
Modifier · sixth
from Gan 六 liuh /li̯oʊ̯⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
laughing
Noun · merriment/mirth
Verb · to be laughing/mirthed
Modifier · laughing/mirthed
from (Valencian) Catalan riure /ˈriw.ɾe/
Romance family
quantity
five
Noun · five
Verb · to be five
Modifier · fifth
from Ilocano lima [ˈli.ma]
Austronesian family
noun
inside
Noun · inside region
Verb · to be the inside region
Modifier · inside-related/inner
from Mandarin 裡面 lǐmiàn /li²¹⁴ mi̯ɛn⁴/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
smooth
Noun · smoothness/bluntness
Verb · to be smooth/blunt
Modifier · smooth/blunt
from French lisse /lis/
Romance family
grammar
verb marker
connector
but
from Hindi लेकिन lekin [l̪eː.kɪ̃n̪]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
strong
Noun · strength/force
Verb · to be strong/forceful
Modifier · strong/forceful
from Thai แรง rɛɛng /rɛːŋ˧/
Kra-Dai family
noun
arm/hand
Noun · arm/hand
Verb · to be an arm/hand
Modifier · arm/hand-related
from Polish ręka /ˈrɛŋ.ka/
Balto-Slavic family
noun
lattice/array
Noun · lattice/array/grid
Verb · to be a lattice/array/grid
Modifier · lattice/array/grid-related
from Macedonian решетка rešetka [ˈrɛʃɛtka]
Balto-Slavic family
modifier
moving
Noun · movement
Verb · to be moving/to go
Modifier · moving
from Yoruba lọ /lɔ̄/
Niger-Congo family
modifier
bad
Noun · badness
Verb · to be bad
Modifier · bad
from Bulgarian лош loš [ɫɔʃ]
Balto-Slavic family
modifier
interrupted
Noun · interruption
Verb · to be interrupted
Modifier · interrupted
from Hindi रुका rukā (perfective of रुकना ruknā) [ɾʊ.käː]
Indo-Iranian family
noun
spirit/ghost
Noun · spirit/ghost/soul
Verb · to be a spirit/ghost/soul
Modifier · spirit/ghost/soul-related
from Ashkenazi Hebrew רוּחַ rúakh /ˈru.aχ/
Afroasiatic family
grammar
non-verb coupling causative marker
modifier
green
Noun · greenness
Verb · to be green
Modifier · green
from Tagalog lungti [lʊnˈtiʔ]
Austronesian family
pronoun
they/them
Noun · they
Verb · to be them
Modifier · their
from Hawaiian ia
Austronesian family
verb
to find (a discovery)
Noun · a find/discovery
Verb · to find/discover
Modifier · discovery-like/discoverable
from Persian یافتن yâftan /jɒːfˈtæn/
Indo-Iranian family
quantity
some
Noun · some
Verb · to be some
Modifier · somewhat
from Cantonese 有啲 jau di /jɐu̯¹³ tiː⁵⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
right
Noun · right (side)
Verb · to be the right (side)
Modifier · rightside-related/right(hand)
from Arabic يَمِين yamīn /ja.miːn/
Afroasiatic family
modifier
asleep
Noun · sleepiness
Verb · to be asleep
Modifier · asleep
from Azerbaijani yatmış
Indo-Iranian family
noun
place
Noun · place/location
Verb · to be a place/location
Modifier · place/location-related
from Ilocano yan
Austronesian family
modifier
wrong
Noun · wrongness/incorrectness/unfairness
Verb · to be wrong/incorrect/unfair
Modifier · wrong/incorrect/unfair
from Azerbaijani yanlış [jɑnˈɫɯʃ]
Turkic family
noun
left
Noun · left (side)
Verb · to be the left (side)
Modifier · leftside-related/left(hand)
from Arabic يَسَار yasār /ja.saːr/
Afroasiatic family
grammar
of
from Persian ی -ye [je]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
beneficial
Noun · beneficialness/advantageousness/benefit
Verb · to be beneficial/advantageous
Modifier · beneficial/advantageous
from Mandarin 有利 yǒulì /joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
verb
to use (a tool)
Noun · a tool
Verb · to use
Modifier · tool-like/usable
from Min Nan 用 iōng /iɔŋ⁴¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
caprine
Noun · goat/sheep/caprine
Verb · to be a goat/sheep/caprine
Modifier · goat/sheep/caprine-related
from Hakka 羊仔 iòng-é /iɔŋ¹¹ ŋe³¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
verb
to want (a desire)
Noun · a desire
Verb · to want/desire
Modifier · desire-like/desirable
from Cantonese 要 jiu /jiːu̯⁵⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
hindering/detrimental
Noun · hindrance/detrimentality/detriment
Verb · to be hindering/detrimental
Modifier · hindering/detrimental
from Japanese 有害 yūgai [jɯ̟ᵝːɡa̠i]
Japonic family
verb
to have (a possession)
Noun · a possession/owned thing
Verb · to have/own/possess
Modifier · possession-like/ownable
from Cantonese 擁有 jung jau /jʊŋ³⁵ jɐu̯¹³/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
matter/material
Noun · matter/material
Verb · to be matter/a material
Modifier · matter/material-related
from Arabic مَادَّة mādda /maːd.da/
Afroasiatic family
noun
middle
Noun · middle/center
Verb · to be the middle/center
Modifier · middle/center-related
from Sanskrit मध्य madhya /məd̪ʱ.jᵊ/
Indo-Iranian family
noun
parent
Noun · parent
Verb · to be a parent
Modifier · parent-related
from Māori matua
Austronesian family
verb
to consume (food)
Noun · food
Verb · to eat/drink/consume
Modifier · food-like/edible
from Indonesian makan /ma.kan/
Austronesian family
modifier
male
Noun · maleness/masculinity
Verb · to be male/masculine
Modifier · male/masculine
from Romanian mascul [masˈkul]
Romance family
modifier
magical
Noun · magicalness/magic
Verb · to be magical
Modifier · magical
from Italian magico /ˈma.d͡ʒi.ko/
Romance family
noun
up
Noun · top/above region
Verb · to be the top/above region
Modifier · top-related/above/up
from Luo malo
Nilo-Saharan family
modifier
surprised
Noun · surprise/shock
Verb · to be surprised/shocked
Modifier · surprised/shocked
from Hausa mamaki /màː.máː.kìː/
Afroasiatic family
noun
money
Noun · money
Verb · to be money
Modifier · money-related
from English money /ˈmʌni/
Germanic family
pronoun
I/me
Noun · I/me
Verb · to be me
Modifier · my
from Italian mi /mi/
Romance family
noun
amount
Noun · number/value/amount
Verb · to be a number/value/amount
Modifier · number/value/amount-related
from Arabic مِقْدَار miqdār /miq.daːr/
Afroasiatic family
noun
fish
Noun · fish
Verb · to be a fish
Modifier · fish-related
from Nahuatl michin [ˈmi.t͡ʃin]
Yuto-Nahuatl family
noun
brain/mind
Noun · brain/mind
Verb · to be a brain/mind
Modifier · brain/mind-related
from Greek μυαλό myaló /mɲaˈlo/
Hellenic family
modifier
previous
Noun · past
Verb · to be the previous/past (time)
Modifier · previous/past
from Belarusian мінулы minúly [ˈmɪnuliː]
Balto-Slavic family
modifier
safe
Noun · safety/protection
Verb · to be safe/protected
Modifier · safe/protected
from Hindi महफ़ूज़ mahfūz [mɛɦ.fuːz]
Indo-Iranian family
noun
cat
Noun · cat/feline
Verb · to be a cat/feline
Modifier · cat/feline-related
from Onomatopoeia -
Misc family
preposition
subject marker
noun
offspring
Noun · child/offspring
Verb · to be a child/offspring
Modifier · child/offspring-related
from White Hmong menyuam /me˧.ɲu̯ə˩̰ˀ/
Hmong-Mien family
quantity
less
Noun · less
Verb · to be less
Modifier · less
from Portuguese menos /ˈme.nuʃ/
Romance family
quantity
more
Noun · more
Verb · to be more
Modifier · more
from Catalan més /ˈmes/
Romance family
noun
fire
Noun · fire
Verb · to be fire
Modifier · fire-related
from Chichewa/Mwani/Ngungwel/Shona/Swahili moto /ˈmó.to/
Niger-Congo family
noun
bovine
Noun · cow/bovine
Verb · to be a cow/bovine
Modifier · cow/bovine-related
from Onomatopoeia -
Misc family
grammar
coupling agent noun verb marker
from Arabic مُـ mu-
Afroasiatic family
modifier
straight
Noun · straightness
Verb · to be straight
Modifier · straight
from Arabic مُسْتَقِيم mustaqīm /mus.ta.qiːm/
Afroasiatic family
noun
mouth
Noun · mouth
Verb · to be a mouth
Modifier · mouth-related
from Sindhi مک mukhu
Indo-Iranian family
noun
moon/month
Noun · moon/month
Verb · to be the moon/a month
Modifier · moon/month-related
from Chichewa mwezi /ˈmʷe.zí/
Niger-Congo family
modifier
complete
Noun · fullness/completeness
Verb · to be full/complete
Modifier · full/complete
from Tamil முழு muḻu [muɻɯ]
Dravidian family
modifier
sour
Noun · sourness
Verb · to be sour
Modifier · sour
from Xhosa -muncu
Niger-Congo family
noun
arthropod/bug
Noun · bug/insect/arthropod
Verb · to be a bug/insect/arthropod
Modifier · bug/insect/arthropod-related
from Japanese 虫 mushi /muɕi/
Japonic family
pronoun
that
Noun · that
Verb · to be that
Modifier · that
from Mandarin 那 nà /nä⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
pure
Noun · purity/homogeneity/sortedness
Verb · to be pure/homogeneous/sorted
Modifier · pure/homogenous/sorted
from Persian ناب nâb
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
clean
Noun · cleanliness
Verb · to be clean
Modifier · clean
from Hebrew נקי naki
Afroasiatic family
modifier
soft
Noun · softness
Verb · to be soft
Modifier · soft
from Hindi नरम naram [n̪ə.ɾə̃m]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
orange
Noun · orangeness
Verb · to be orange
Modifier · orange
from Telugu నారింజ nāriñja [n̪aːɾiɲd͡ʒa]
Dravidian family
noun
tree
Noun · wood/tree
Verb · to be wood/a tree
Modifier · wood/tree-related
from Korean 나무 namu [na̠mu]
Koreic family
noun
example
Noun · example/sample
Verb · to be an example/sample
Modifier · example/sample-related
from Marathi नमूना namunā [n̪ə.muː.n̪äː]
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to be able (an ability)
Noun · an ability
Verb · to be able (to do)
Modifier · ability-like/able-to-be-done
from Cantonese 能 nang /nɐŋ²¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
salty
Noun · saltiness
Verb · to be salty
Modifier · salty
from Hindi नमकीन namkīn
Indo-Iranian family
quantity
four
Noun · four
Verb · to be four
Modifier · fourth
from Tamil நான்கு nāṉku [n̪aːnkɯ]
Dravidian family
modifier
intoxicated
Noun · intoxication
Verb · to be intoxicated
Modifier · intoxicated
from Persian نشئه naš'e [næːˈʃe]
Indo-Iranian family
noun
meat/muscle
Noun · meat/muscle
Verb · to be meat/muscle
Modifier · meat/muscle-related
from Japanese 肉 niku [ɲ̟ikɯ̟ᵝ]
Japonic family
verb
to reside in (a residence)
Noun · a residence/home
Verb · to reside/live (in)
Modifier · home-like/residable
from Hindi निवास nivās [n̪ɪ.ʋäːs̪]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
blue
Noun · blueness
Verb · to be blue
Modifier · blue
from Marathi निळे niḷe
Indo-Iranian family
quantity
many/a lot
Noun · many/a lot
Verb · to be many/a lot
Modifier · very
from Vietnamese nhiều [ɲiw˨˩]
Austro-Asiatic family
noun
person
Noun · person
Verb · to be a person
Modifier · person-related
from Gan 人 nyin /n̠ʲin³⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
pronoun
this
Noun · this
Verb · to be this
Modifier · this
from Tetum ne'e
Austronesian family
modifier
unlikely/rare
Noun · unlikeliness/rarity
Verb · to be unlikely/rare
Modifier · unlikely/rare
from Norwegian neppe /²nɛp.pə/
Germanic family
modifier
black
Noun · blackness/darkness
Verb · to be black/dark
Modifier · black/dark
from Italian nero /ˈne.ro/
Romance family
noun
horse
Noun · horse/equine
Verb · to be a horse/equine
Modifier · horse/equine-related
from Onomatopoeia -
Misc family
preposition
because of
from Zulu ngenxa
Niger-Congo family
modifier
new/young
Noun · novelty/youth
Verb · to be new/young
Modifier · new/young
from Greek νέος néos /ˈne.os/
Hellenic family
grammar
particle negator
from English no /noʊ/
Germanic family
noun
group
Noun · group/collection considered as a whole
Verb · to be a group/collection
Modifier · group/collection-related
from Vietnamese nhóm [ɲɔm˦˥]
Austro-Asiatic family
quantity
zero
Noun · zero
Verb · to be zero
Modifier · zeroth
from Czech/Serbo-Croatian/Slovak nula [ˈnula]
Balto-Slavic family
pronoun
self
Noun · oneself
Verb · to be oneself
Modifier · self's
from Slovak sa /sa/
Balto-Slavic family
verb
to record (data/a recording)
Noun · data/a recording
Verb · to record
Modifier · data-like/recording-like/recordable
from Russian за́пись zápisʹ [ˈzapʲɪsʲ]
Balto-Slavic family
verb
to taste (a flavor)
Noun · a flavor
Verb · to taste
Modifier · flavour-like/tastable
from Italian sapore /saˈpo.re/
Romance family
modifier
normal
Noun · normality/ordinariness/standardness
Verb · to be normal/ordinary/standard
Modifier · normal/ordinary/standard
from Hindi साधारण sādhāraṇ [s̪äː.d̪ʱäː.ɾə̃ɳ]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
loose
Noun · looseness
Verb · to be loose
Modifier · loose
from Kannada ಸಡಿಲು saḍilu
Dravidian family
modifier
sweet
Noun · sweetness
Verb · to be sweet
Modifier · sweet
from Icelandinc sætur /ˈsaiːtʏr/
Germanic family
quantity
nine
Noun · nine
Verb · to be nine
Modifier · ninth
from Somali sagáal
Afroasiatic family
noun
atom
Noun · particle/atom
Verb · to be a particle/atom
Modifier · particle/atom-related
from Arabic ذَرَّة ḏarra /ðar.ra/
Afroasiatic family
noun
body
Noun · body/torso
Verb · to be a body/torso
Modifier · body/torso-related
from Sanskrit शरीर śarīra
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
equal/same
Noun · sameness/similarity/equality
Verb · to be equal/the same
Modifier · equal/same
from Hindi समान samān [s̪əˈmã(ː)n̪]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
ashamed
Noun · shame/embarrassment
Verb · to be ashamed/embarrassed
Modifier · ashamed/embarrassed
from Hindi शरमिंदा śarmindā [ʃəɾ.mɪ̃n̪.d̪äː]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
only
Noun · aloneness/exclusiveness
Verb · to be alone/exclusive
Modifier · alone/only/exclusively
from Serbo-Croatian са̏мо sȁmo [ˈsamo]
Balto-Slavic family
quantity
three
Noun · three
Verb · to be three
Modifier · third
from Mandarin 三 sān /sän⁵⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
related
Noun · relatedness/relation
Verb · to be related
Modifier · related
from Hindi संबंधित sambandhit
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
calm
Noun · calmness
Verb · to be calm
Modifier · calm
from Thai สันติ sǎn-dtì /san˩˩˦.tiʔ˨˩/
Kra-Dai family
modifier
important
Noun · importance/significance
Verb · to be important/significant
Modifier · important/significant
from Thai สำคัญ sǎm-kan /sam˩˩˦.kʰan˧/
Kra-Dai family
modifier
existent
Noun · existence
Verb · to be existent
Modifier · existent
from Mandarin 是 shì /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
defeated/unsuccessful
Noun · defeatedness/vanquishment/unsuccessfulness
Verb · to be defeated/unsuccessful
Modifier · defeated/unsuccessful
from Mandarin 失敗 shībài /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ paɪ̯⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
verb
to sit on (a seat)
Noun · a seat
Verb · to sit (on)
Modifier · seat-like/sit-on-able
from Icelandic sitja /ˈsɪːtja/
Germanic family
noun
bread/grain
Noun · bread/cereal product
Verb · to be bread/a cereal product
Modifier · bread/cereal-related
from Ancient Greek σῖτος sîtos /ˈsi.tos/
Hellenic family
noun
event
Noun · event
Verb · to be an event
Modifier · event-related
from Cantonese 事件 si gin /siː²² kiːn²²⁻³⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
head
Noun · head
Verb · to be a head
Modifier · head-related
from Sanskrit शिरस् śíras /ɕí.ɾɐs/
Indo-Iranian family
quantity
hundred
Noun · hundred
Verb · to be a hundred
Modifier · hundredth
from Spanish cien [ˈθjẽn]
Romance family
noun
thing
Noun · thing
Verb · to be a thing
Modifier · thing-related
from English thing /θɪŋ/
Germanic family
noun
shape/form
Noun · shape/form
Verb · to be a shape/form
Modifier · shape/form-related
from Mandarin 形狀 xíngzhuàng /ɕiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
town/city
Noun · town/city
Verb · to be a town/city
Modifier · town/city-related
from Cantonese 城市 sing si /sɪŋ²¹ siː¹³/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
yellow
Noun · yellowness
Verb · to be yellow
Modifier · yellow
from Tibetan སེར་པོ ser po
Sino-Tibetan family
quantity
seven
Noun · seven
Verb · to be seven
Modifier · seventh
from Serbo-Croatian sȅdam /sêdam/
Balto-Slavic family
modifier
close/near
Noun · closeness/nearness
Verb · to be close/near
Modifier · close/near
from Spanish cercano [θeɾˈka.no]
Romance family
modifier
female
Noun · femaleness/femininity
Verb · to be female/feminine
Modifier · female/feminine
from Macedonian жена žena [ʒeˈna]
Balto-Slavic family
grammar
in contrast/comparison to
from Vietnamese so [ʂɔ˧˧]/[sɔ˧˧]
Austro-Asiatic family
noun
side/beside
Noun · side/beside(/vicinity/proximity?)
Verb · to be the side/beside
Modifier · side-related
from Japanese 側 soba [so̞ba̠]
Japonic family
noun
sort/type
Noun · sort/type/category
Verb · to be a sort/type/category
Modifier · sort/type/category-related
from French sorte /sɔʁt/
Romance family
verb
to ask (a question)
Noun · a question/query
Verb · to ask
Modifier · question-like/askable
from Turkish soru /ˈsɔː.ru/
Turkic family
modifier
different
Noun · difference
Verb · to be different
Modifier · different
from Hebrew שׁוֹנֶה shoné
Afroasiatic family
verb
to like (a preference)
Noun · a preference/liked thing
Verb · to like
Modifier · preference-like/likable
from Japanese 好き suki [sɯᵝ˦.ki˨]
Japonic family
noun
pig
Noun · pig/swine
Verb · to be a pig/swine
Modifier · pig/swine-related
from Serbo-Croatian svínja /sʋǐːɲa/
Balto-Slavic family
modifier
easy
Noun · easiness/simplicity
Verb · to be easy
Modifier · easy/simple
from Hindi सुलभ sulabh [s̪ʊ.l̪əbʱ]
Indo-Iranian family
preposition
from
from Wu 從 zon /z̥ʊŋ²³/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
instantaneous
Noun · instantaneousness/instant/second (unit)
Verb · to be instantaneous
Modifier · instantaneous
from Min Nan 瞬間 sùn-kan /suŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
purple
Noun · purpleness
Verb · to be purple
Modifier · purple
from Hausa shunayya
Afroasiatic family
verb
to announce (an announcement)
Noun · an announcement/decleration
Verb · to announce
Modifier · announcement-like/announcable
from Japanese 発表 happyō [ha̠p̚ʲpʲo̞ː]
Japonic family
modifier
authentic
Noun · authenticity/truth
Verb · to be authentic/true
Modifier · authentic/true
from Arabic حَقِيقِيّ ḥaqīqiyy
Afroasiatic family
noun
tooth
Noun · tooth
Verb · to be a tooth
Modifier · tooth-related/dental
from Hausa haƙōrī /há.kʼóː.ɽíː/
Afroasiatic family
modifier
lightweight
Noun · lightness (weight-wise)
Verb · to be light(weight)
Modifier · light(weight)
from Nepali हलुको haluko [ɦʌluko]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
alive
Noun · aliveness/life
Verb · to be alive/living
Modifier · alive/living
from Arabic حياة ḥayāh /ħa.jaːh/
Afroasiatic family
modifier
chaotic
Noun · chaoticness/chaos
Verb · to be chaotic
Modifier · chaotic
from Greek χάος cháos /ˈxa.os/
Hellenic family
preposition
vocative marker
from English hey /heɪ/
Germanic family
modifier
sacred
Noun · sacredness/holiness
Verb · to be sacred
Modifier · sacred
from Dutch heilig /ˈɦɛi̯.ləx/
Germanic family
noun
gender
Noun · gender
Verb · to be a gender
Modifier · gender-related
from Spanish género [ˈxe.ne.ɾo]
Romance family
noun
mammal
Noun · mammal
Verb · to be a mammal
Modifier · mammal-related
from Mongolian хөхтөн xöxtön
Mongolic family
noun
wilderness
Noun · wilderness
Verb · to be the wilderness
Modifier · wild
from Min Nan 荒野 hong-iá /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ia⁵³/
Sino-Tibetan family
grammar
indicative/stative clause ender
verb
to order (a command)
Noun · an order/command
Verb · to order/command
Modifier · order-like/command-like/orderable/commandable
from Arabic حُكْم ḥukm
Afroasiatic family
noun
seed/grain/egg
Noun · seed/grain/egg
Verb · to be a seed/grain/egg
Modifier · seed/grain/egg-related
from Hawaiian hua [ˈhuə]
Austronesian family
modifier
mixed
Noun · mixedness/heterogeneity/unsortedness
Verb · to be mixed/heterogenous/unsorted
Modifier · mixed/heterogenous/unsorted
from Mandarin 混合 hùnhé /xu̯ən⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
modifier
red
Noun · redness
Verb · to be red
Modifier · red
from Cantonese 紅色 hung sik /hʊŋ²¹ sɪk̚⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family
verb
to be about (a theme)
Noun · a theme
Verb · to be about/concern/regard
Modifier · theme-like/be-about-able
from Swahili -husu
Niger-Congo family
noun
glass
Noun · glass/crystal
Verb · to be glass/crystal
Modifier · glass/crystal-related
from Armenian ապակի apaki [ɑpɑˈki]
Armenian family
verb
to grab/hold (a hold/load/burden)
Noun · a hold/load/burden
Verb · to grab/hold
Modifier · holdable
from Spanish agarrar [a.ɣ̞aˈraɾ]
Romance family
noun
sky
Noun · sky
Verb · to be the sky
Modifier · sky-related
from Kannada ಆಕಾಶ ākāśa
Dravidian family
noun
allium plant
Noun · allium plant
Verb · to be an allium plant
Modifier · allium-related
from Latin allium /ˈal.li.um/
Romance family
verb
to take (a taken entity)
Noun · a taken thing
Verb · to take/retrieve
Modifier · takeable/retrievable
from Kyrgyz алуу aluu
Turkic family
verb
to love (a loved entity)
Noun · a loved thing
Verb · to love
Modifier · lovable
from Spanish amor [aˈmoɾ]
Romance family
preposition
at
from German an /ʔan/
Germanic family
noun
amphibian
Noun · amphibian
Verb · to be an amphibian
Modifier · amphibian-related
from Catalan amfibi /amˈfi.bi/
Romance family
verb
to ready (a prepared entity)
Noun · a prepared thing
Verb · to (make) ready/prepare
Modifier · prepared/preparable
from Swahili -andaa
Niger-Congo family
noun
corner
Noun · corner/angle
Verb · to be a corner/angle
Modifier · corner/angle-related
from Italian angolo /ˈan.ɡo.lo/
Romance family
modifier
bored
Noun · boredom
Verb · to be bored
Modifier · bored
from French ennuyé /ɑ̃.nɥi.je/ (/ɒ̃.nɥi.je/)
Romance family
verb
to smell (a scent)
Noun · a smell/scent
Verb · to smell
Modifier · smell-like/scent-like/smellable
from Burmese အနံ့ a.nam. /ʔəna̰ɴ/
Sino-Tibetan family
quantity
all
Noun · all
Verb · to be all
Modifier · all-/total/most/-est
from Telugu అన్నీ annī /an̪n̪iː/
Dravidian family
modifier
rough/sharp
Noun · roughness/sharpness
Verb · to be rough/sharp
Modifier · rough/sharp
from Latvian ass [as]
Balto-Slavic family
noun
oil
Noun · oil
Verb · to be oil
Modifier · oil-related
from Spanish aceite [aˈθei̯.t̪e]
Romance family
modifier
now
Noun · present (time)
Verb · to be the present/current (time)
Modifier · present/current
from Telugu ఇప్పుడు ippuḍu
Dravidian family
noun
stone
Noun · stone/rock
Verb · to be a stone/rock
Modifier · stone/rock-related
from Shona ibwe
Niger-Congo family
noun
word/name
Noun · word/name/address
Verb · to be a word/name/address
Modifier · word/name/address-related
from Zulu igama /îːɡâːma/
Niger-Congo family
verb
to imply (an implication)
Noun · an implication
Verb · to imply/mean
Modifier · implication-like/impliable
from Mandarin 意味 yìwèi /i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/
Sino-Tibetan family
connector
or
from Russian и́ли íli [ˈilʲɪ]
Balto-Slavic family
verb
to trust (a belief)
Noun · a belief
Verb · to trust/believe
Modifier · belief-like/believable
from Arabic إيمان ʾīmān /ʔiː.maːn/
Afroasiatic family
preposition
direct object marker
noun
flower
Noun · flower
Verb · to be a flower
Modifier · flower-related
from Zulu ímbali /ímbaːli/
Niger-Congo family
verb
to remember (a memory)
Noun · a memory
Verb · to remember/recall
Modifier · memory-like/rememberable
from Malay ingatan
Austronesian family
noun
building
Noun · building
Verb · to be a building
Modifier · building-related
from Xhosa indlu /íːnɮu/
Niger-Congo family
modifier
vertical
Noun · verticalness
Verb · to be vertical
Modifier · vertical
from Yoruba inaro
Niger-Congo family
quantity
eight
Noun · eight
Verb · to be eight
Modifier · eighth
from Tamil எட்டு eṭṭu [eʈːɯ]
Dravidian family
noun
claw
Noun · claw/nail/hoof
Verb · to be a claw/nail/hoof
Modifier · claw/nail/hoof-related
from Welsh ewin /ˈɛu̯.ɪn/
Celtic family
modifier
vague/imprecise
Noun · vagueness/imprecision
Verb · to be vague/imprecise
Modifier · vague/imprecise
from from Wu 曖昧 e-me /e̞³³ me̞⁴⁴/
Sino-Tibetan family
noun
outside
Noun · outside region
Verb · to be the outside region
Modifier · outside-related/outer
from Western Dani endekem
Trans-New Guinea family
pronoun
what
Noun · what
Verb · to be what
Modifier · (of) what
from Tamil என்ன eṉṉa /enːɐ/
Dravidian family
grammar
imperative verb marker
modifier
opposite
Noun · oppositeness
Verb · to be opposite
Modifier · opposite
from Portuguese oposto /ɔˈpoʃ.tu/
Romance family
modifier
horizontal
Noun · horizontalness
Verb · to be horizontal
Modifier · horizontal
from Persian افقی ofoqi [ʔo.fo.ʁiː]
Indo-Iranian family
modifier
orderly
Noun · orderliness/order
Verb · to be orderly
Modifier · orderly
from Danish orden [ˈɒˀd̥n̩]
Germanic family
noun
bone
Noun · bone
Verb · to be a bone
Modifier · bone-related
from Bengali অস্থি osthi [ˈos.t̪ʰi]
Indo-Iranian family
verb
to accept (a right)
Noun · a right/accepted thing
Verb · to accept
Modifier · right-like/acceptable
from English okay /ˌoʊˈkeɪ/
Germanic family
noun
deity
Noun · deity/god
Verb · to be a deity/god
Modifier · deity/god-related/divine
from Atakapa o'tsotat
Misc family
verb
to wear (clothing)
Noun · clothing
Verb · to wear
Modifier · clothing-like/wearable
from Yiddish אָנטאָן onton /ˈɔnˌtɔn/
Germanic family
noun
fungus
Noun · fungus/mushroom
Verb · to be a fungus/mushroom
Modifier · fungus/mushroom-related
from Spanish hongo [ˈõŋ.ɡo]
Romance family
modifier
weak
Noun · weakness
Verb · to be weak
Modifier · weak
from Thai อ่อนแอ ɔ̀ɔn-ɛɛ /ʔɔːn˨˩.ʔɛː˧/
Kra-Dai family
noun
part/piece
Noun · part/piece
Verb · to be a part/piece
Modifier · part/piece-related
from Finnish osa [ˈo̞s̠ɑ̝]
Uralic family
modifier
afraid
Noun · fear
Verb · to be scared
Modifier · scared
from Japanese 恐れ osore [o̞so̞ɾe̞]
Japonic family
modifier
also
Noun · inclusion
Verb · to be included
Modifier · also/too/included
from Quechua utaq
Quechua family
noun
plant
Noun · plant
Verb · to be a plant
Modifier · plant-related
from Mongolian ургамал urgamal
Mongolic family
noun
monkey/ape
Noun · monkey/ape
Verb · to be a monkey/ape
Modifier · monkey/ape-related
from Onomatopoeia -
Misc family
noun
metal
Noun · metal
Verb · to be metal
Modifier · metal-related/metallic
from Tamil உலோகம் ulōkam /uloːɡɐm/
Dravidian family
modifier
savory
Noun · savoriness
Verb · to be savory
Modifier · savory
from Japanese 旨味 umami [ɯ̟ᵝma̠mʲi]
Japonic family
noun
smoke/cloud
Noun · smoke/cloud
Verb · to be smoke/a cloud
Modifier · smoke/cloud-related
from Spanish humo [ˈu.mo]
Romance family
connector
and
from German und /ʊnt/
Germanic family
modifier
joined
Noun · linkedness/unity
Verb · to be joined/linked/united
Modifier · joined/linked/united
from Brazilian Portuguese unido /uˈni.du/
Romance family
pronoun
each other
Noun · each other
Verb · to be each other
Modifier · each other's
from Cantonese 互相 wu soeng /wuː²² sœːŋ⁵⁵/
Sino-Tibetan family